Environmental Issues Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words - 4

Environmental Issues - Essay Example Roberts who believes that the hazards of DDT are misrepresented by the activists while in fact it proves to have saved the lives of many. Three Main areas of Disagreement between Anne Platt McGinn and Donald R. Roberts are as follows - McGinn states that the toxic DDT should only be used in an emergency to treat diseases while more environmentally friendly methods such as bed-nets, anti-malarial drugs, improving living conditions and eradication of insect breeding sites should be used. Roberts claims that the steps to eradicate Malaria by proper drains and larviciding only happen in principal cities, while the mainly affected rural areas remain vulnerable. McGinn claims that insects became resistant to DDT when ingested while Roberts claims that DDT acts only as a repellant. McGinn says ‘In order to control a disease, why should we poison our soils, our waters and ourselves?’ (Pg.289) Donald reacts by stating Science Magazine that species did not go extinct and DDT level s had declined after its use was stopped. DDT only reaches a concentration in water of 1.2 parts per billion, so the claim that it causes the death of algae is false. Birds and sea lions have not declined due to DDT as claimed, while in reality statistics have proven their increase during the use of DDT. c) After a lot of research done on the subject, I comply with the Donald’s ideology and therefore prefer the use of DDT to save humans because all other claims against DDT have no solid proof of its dangers. ISSUE 17 – Environmental Hormone Mimics a) Environmental Hormone Mimics are ‘Xenobiotic’ chemicals that have been found to mimic or disrupt the reproductive hormones such as estrogen. These chemicals are known to alter the reproduction of wildlife along with creating severe health problems like cancer in humans. The controversy is whether these claims are true or are magnified falsifications. b) According to Professor of Biological Sciences, Michele Tr ankina, ‘hormone mimics’ disrupt ‘everything from fish gender to human fertility’ (World & I Journal, 2001) (Easton, 2011, Pg.319) while Michael Gough, a biologist argues that these claims are only supported by â€Å"junk science†. (Endocrine Disrupters,Politics,Pesticides, the Cost of Food and Health, " , 1997) Michele Trankina states that there has been a radical decrease in ‘sperm count’, an increase in testicular cancer and defective genetalia in men due to this. Gough states that these claims ‘fell apart’ when scientists found large geographical variations in sperm counts that did not change over time. Trankina points out to the increase in breast cancer in women as a result of exposure to the hormone mimics, while Michael Gough dismisses these claims by stating that there was no proven evidence to any of these claims even though many researches had been carried out. Puberty in girls has decreased from the age 12 and 13 to 7 years of age due to exposure to xenoestrogens in water, food, creams and plastics according to Trankina. But Gough states that results of the Tulane paper researched by Dr. McLachlan himself on the toxicity levels of pesticides came back as negative. c) Due to lack of evidence and proof on the role of hormone mimics in the environment, I support Gough’

Difference between Group At Risk and Vulnerable Population with Coursework

Difference between Group At Risk and Vulnerable Population with Examples - Coursework Example The group ‘at risk’ in relation to poor health refers to those individuals who remain under a constant threat of facing health-related issues, as they are exposed to certain risks. One of such examples can be illustrated as a person with liver damage, who is being unable to manage regular activities due to the prevailing unfavorable conditions and associated risks (Stanhope & Lancaster, 2014). The members associated with the groups of â€Å"at risk† and â€Å"vulnerable population† often cannot manage their respective activities by themselves. Thus, they need to be advocated by the nurses. It is assumed that the members of the respective groups at certain times fail to advocate themselves due to an augmented level of vulnerability in mitigating the adverse conditions such as lack of education, poverty, homelessness, shortage in basic amenities and exposure to unhealthy conditions among others. From my viewpoint, I think advocating the elders would be the best suitable option. I feel so because elder population groups remain weak to the situations of physical stress and economic failure, which results in causing different health problems (Lillis, LeMone, Lynn & Taylor, 2010).

Contract law research Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2750 words

Contract law - Research Paper Example As earlier mentioned, a contract refers to a relationship of exchange that is either written or oral agreement between persons. This relationship contains one or more promises, which are legally enforceable. Several crucial elements are reflected by this definition of a contract. They include the following: the first element of an indenture is that, it is an agreement that is either written or oral between a minimum of two persons. This element implies that one cannot make a contract with oneself. The relationship in a contract is consensual and voluntary, meaning that no one is coerced to sign a contract. Even, though, the minimum number of people required in signing a contract is two, the transaction can involve a limitless number of parties. The parties create a contract with intent and free will to be bound, and they reach an agreement concerning vital provisions of the relationship. A contractual obligation is distinguished from other legal duties by the agreement element. The s econd element is that a contract is a relationship of exchange that is based on the principle of offer and acceptance. This element emphasizes that the parties who enter in to a contract are bound together by the by a commodity that they are exchanging. Minimum interaction is involved in a number of contractual relationships (Blum, 2007). For instance, if an individual enters into a contract to have his hair cut, the barber will perform a quick activity of trimming his hair and the individual will honor his obligation by paying for the services. These two activities will mark the end of the contractual relationship. On the contrary, contractual relationships like supply contracts or leases could last for several years, and the parties involved engaging into constant dealings that are controlled by the provisions stated in the agreement. A contract relationship has an essential purpose which is exchange. Society and the economy require the trade of intangible rights, services and pro perty. These exchanges are regulated and facilitated by a contract as part of its chief role. Therefore, a contract carries with it the principle of reciprocity, in which one must part with something to get something back. The third essential element is that a contract should have a minimum of one promise, which is made with a hope of being honored in a later date as per the agreements. A contract is not constituted in the instantaneous exchanges, even though they involve a trade and are consensual (Blum, 2007). A promise, therefore, goes beyond the agreement instance as a future commitment. If both parties honor their side of the commitment at the expiry of the agreed duration, then there will be no need of involving the law in contracts. Contract law comes in incase of breach of contractual agreement by either of the parties. Last but not least, a contract has an

Requiment Essay Example for Free

Requiment Essay Healthcare United aims to be the number one provider of Healthcare professionals in Australia. Healthcare United is an organisation that currently employs 1,500 Healthcare professionals with two sites, in Victoria and NSW and seeks to expand its operations and open another office in Hobart. As an organisation our vision is to provide: The best qualified and trained human resources available for clients. Up-to-date technology in all services for both clients and staffs. Innovative best practices and procedures from both inside and outside the organisation. Best facilities and procedures in a competitive environment. To address the future needs of organisation, Healthcare United aims to recruit a future 500 or the best possible healthcare professionals available, in three stages, over the next five years. 2. Executive Summary Healthcare United is a healthcare provider and currently employs 1,500 Healthcare professionals with two sites, in Victoria and NSW. They recently developed a new strategic plan that involves opening another office at Hobart. Part of their HR plan is to employ 500 workers in three stages. An analysis and review of Healthcare United’s 2000 and newly developed 2010 policies and procedures for recruitment and selection have been conducted in this report. Conclusions have been made from the comparison between the 2000 Healthcare United recruitment and selection guidelines and the newly developed 2010 Healthcare United recruitment and selection policy and relevant legislation. Recommendations have been made for the changes necessary to improve procedures and the overall process of Healthcare United’s recruitment and selection policies and procedures, based on current research. 3. Purpose of Report The purpose of this report is to review analysis and compare Healthcare United recruitment and selection policies and procedures for the year 2000 and 2010 for the following 5 key areas: Timeframes Personnel involved Documentation Training Monitoring and evaluation Conclusions have been made from the comparison between the 2000 and the newly developed 2010 recruitment and selection policies and procedures. Recommendations have been made for changes to the 2010 policies and procedures to improve the newly developed recruitment and selection policies and procedures at Healthcare United. 4. Analysis and Review: Healthcare United 2000 and 2010 Recruitment and Selection Policies and Procedures The following is the analysis and review of 2000 and 2010 recruitment and selection policies and procedures: Key Area 2000 2010 Timeframe The whole selection process from: analyse the vacant position position description lodge an advertisement short-list applicants interview preparation interview applicants reference checks Total: 35 to 51 days The whole selection process from: analyse the vacant position position description lodge an advertisement short-list applicants interview preparation interview applicants reference checks Total: 14 to 21 days maximum. Personnel Involved HR department will assume major responsibility for the recruitment and selection of staff, the training of required personnel and supporting documentation. Managers will support the managers in role. Managers will assume major responsibility for the recruitment and selection of staff, the training of required personnel and supporting documentation. HR department will support the managers in role. Documentation All vacant and new positions will be advertised internally and externally for ten working days unless special exemptions apply and be advertised online and in leading national newspaper. All positions must first be advertised internally for a minimum of ten working days in the HU newsletter before being advertised externally for a period of ten working days. Training HR department will hold the training for all new employees. Manager will hold the training for all new employees. Monitoring and Evaluation HR department will monitor and evaluate each new employee about their work performance. Managers will monitor and evaluate each new employee and report it to HR department about their work performance. It can be noted from both the 2000 and 2010 Healthcare Uniteds recruitment and selection policy and procedures make no reference to all relevant legislation for the recruitment and selection processes. However 2010 policy and procedures briefly mention that Healthcare United is an equal employment opportunity (EEO) employer. 5. Conclusions and Recommendations 5. 1 Conclusions It can be concluded from the analysis and review of 2000 ; 2010 Healthcare United policies and procedures for recruitment and selection processes that 2010 policies and procedures are superior to those of 2000 in all key areas in term of efficiency and effectiveness of the recruitment and selection processes. For example, 2010 policy and procedure envisage a timeframe of maximum 3 weeks which is for efficient in selecting the best candidate when compared to the 2000 policy and procedures which specify selection processes requiring 35-51 days. Also, 2000 policy and procedure require participant of a large number of HR personnel when compare to 2010 where only the department managers are principally involved with the HR a support role only at all stages of recruitment and selection processes. 5. 2 Recommendations It is recommended that the newly develop 2010 policies and procedures for recruitment and selection should be adopted by Healthcare United for its recruitment and selection processes for future employment needs. However, the 2010 policies and procedures should include the provisions of legislative Acts, such as Anti- discrimination and the latest individual relation laws and regulations in addition to the EEO laws already included for the recruitment and selection processes.

Each country Essay Example for Free

Each country Essay Each country is recognized by its currency for both domestic as well international business and money transactions. Both money market and foreign exchange market are interconnected and it is almost impossible isolate one from another. The point here is, how to define a money market? The answer is, when an article is sold or purchased with an exchange of â€Å"money† which is a financial paper representing a sum of money owing to one another by virtue of sale our purchase. Currency is cash, which is usually carried by people for various purposes. Currency is money and Government Treasury Bills are near-money. Money markets are completely controlled and monitored by central banks, commercial banks and financial institutions. Each bank or financial institutions is accountable to central bank in terms of maintaining liquidity, solvency and for distribution of money. Exchange of money has been in use for almost a century now for any commercial purpose of buying or selling indicating that a commercial transaction has taken place, either buying a home or stock market shares / Treasury Bills. Money in exchange has been a common practice for any commercial transaction. A similar procedure is applicable in foreign exchange market, that each time a transaction is recorded, foreign exchange is either sold or purchased. Like any other market, money market and the foreign exchange market record high and low of currencies exchange which depend upon whether one is selling or buying. Traders of foreign exchange market provide tw prices. The first being the willing price to buy foreign currency and second being the willing price to sell foreign currency. It is here that traders benefit in making profits in foreign exchange transactions. If a lender receives $108 at the end of an year, $100 being loan refund and $8 is interest per annum that is given to lender. Interest rates are either per annum or per month or per quarter which is called flat interest rate. For example if interest rate is 2 per cent per month, per annum interest is 24 per cent. (2 x 12) . Most of the financial instruments are traded on discounted basis which means, the borrower has to pay interest at the time of considering the loan i. e. If loan amount is $100 and interest per annum is $8, the borrower receives only $92. ($100 $8 = $92). If the principal along with interest is refunded at the end of an year, it is called as balloon payment. ($100 + $8 = $108) . Banks usually negotiate interest rates with clients while considering huge amounts as loans depending on the goodwill and repayment capacity of clients. Banks accepts deposits from clients on a certain surety of payment of interests either quarterly, monthly or per annum. Foreign currency market exists all over the world in each nation with the fact that, every country’s export or import business requires exchange of foreign currency for payment of foreign transactions or EXIM business. The flow of cash in various currencies i. e. either in US dollars, Euros, Yen or any other currency is important as it increases or decreases the cash balances. Cash flow always carry a significant direction, currency, date and location where the cash flow is given. Cash flows can be either inflow or outflow. Foreign exchange markets always carry two currencies, one currency is being sold, and the other currency is being purchased. The funds manager verifies the characteristics of cash flow whether the following are present in foreign exchange transaction. 1. The name of the second party to the transaction. 2. State whether the specific currency is being sold or purchased. 3. The total amount involved in transaction. 4. The location where the funds or instruments is purchased. 5. The location where the second party requires the funds to be purchased. 6. The rate for the transaction. 7. Value date. Cash flows are aggregated in two groups. The first being net cash flow per currency by specific value date and second being net exchange position of each currency with aggregate value of dates. The concept of value date has a great importance in the matters of foreign currency exchange transactions with two dimensions which are as follows: 1. Spot transactions carry value date of 2 business days with its closure on the following day when the transaction is closed. 2. Forward transactions carry value date for future, with specific date from the spot value date, at the time of transaction. Value date indicates in flow of cash, cash expected in the future for commercial banks and central banks especially in foreign currency exchange transactions. A very good scope of interaction exists between money market and foreign currency exchange market. For instance : 1. A cash flow of â‚ ¬ 3 million is expected on value date October 31 to an European money exchange bank from another country. Here the value date is October 31. 2. A cash flow of $ 10 million is expected on value date December 31 to another European Bank. Here the value date is December 31. The above example indicates the net cash flow includes both spot transaction and future transaction of foreign currency exchange. The responsibility of funds manager is as follows: 1. On receipt of funds in euros, the entire amount will be deposited in the account of euro cash balance. 2. On receipt of funds in dollars, the entire amount will be deposited in the account of dollars cash balance. Banks maintain a regular cash balances of respective foreign currency exchanges and accordingly lend loans with certain interest rates and also issue currencies against exchange for commercial transactions. On every day basis the business days carry exchange rates which quote high and low according to the demand of buy and sell of traders of foreign currency exchange and also depending on the stock market sensex with FII inflows. One important aspect of foreign exchange currency is to be noted is here that the traders of foreign currency exchanges play a vital role in bidding and buying foreign currencies. For example if a trader bids 120. 00-05 on dollar/Yen, which means to buy dollar at 120. 00 and sell Yen or sell USD at 120. 05. Conclusion Among all regional respective currencies of each nation, United States Dollar has been accepted universally for both domestic as well international foreign exchange currency services and for global business transactions. Commercial transaction amount is converted into USD and paid accordingly which is converted from regional currency. For example if a Euro businessmen purchases 500 computers from IBM, deal of business amount that is calculated in Euros is converted into USD and paid to IBM which is were foreign currency exchange converter is required. The Financial Accounting Standards Board’s (FASB 52) defines Foreign Currency Translation, defines GAAP U. S. Generally Accepted Accounting Principles requirements for foreign currency revaluation.

Research Methods for Patient Research

Research Methods for Patient Research Research Methods Statistics TAQ .1 TAQ. 2 The aim of the study was to test whether children who are told they will perform well, perform better than those who are not. The dependent variable is the subject test scores. The Hypothesis for this experiment would be â€Å"Subjects that are told they would do well, perform significantly better than those who are not†. The hypothesis is directional as we will find out which subjects perform better and not just that there is a difference (in that case it would be non-directional). Because we are expecting one set of results to be significantly higher than the other the hypothesis is one tailed. The control group are the subjects who have not been told they will perform well. The purpose of the control group is to act as a measuring stick to gauge the other subjects test scores to see if the hypothesis is correct. The independent variable is whether the children have been told or have not been told they will perform well. TAQ.3 Total word count, 1000 References; Wikipedia, 2014. Descriptive Research [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Descriptive_research>[accessed 7TH March 2014] Blurtit, 2014. Methodology Research [online] Available at: http://science.blurtit.com/462243/what-are-the-advantages-of-descriptive-research>[accessed 7TH March 2014] Palgrave,2014. Choosing appropriate research methodologies and methods [online] Available at: http://www.palgrave.com/skills4study/studentlife/postgraduate/choosing.asp#Introduction>[accessed 7TH March 2014] Monofacto,2014. Research Methods [online] Available at: http://www.mondofacto.com/study-skills/research/how-to-do-your-research-project/05.html>[accessed 7TH March 2014] University of Strathclyde,2014. Use of questions [online] Available at: http://www.strath.ac.uk/aer/materials/3datacollection/unit2/useofquestionnaires/>[accessed 7TH March 2014] Survey Lab, 2014. What is an average survey response rate [online] Available at: http://www.surveylab.co.uk/2011/06/what-is-an-average-survey-response-rate/>[accessed 8TH March 2014] Wikipedia, 2014. Questionnaire C[online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Questionnaire_construction>[ accessed 8TH March 2014] Care Quality Commission.2013 Community Mental Health Survey [online] Available at: http://www.cqc.org.uk/public/publications/surveys/community-mental-health-survey-2013>[ accessed 8TH March 2014] NHS Institute of Innovation Improvement,2013. Transforming Patient Research [online] Available at: http://www.institute.nhs.uk/patient_experience/guide/the_patient_experience_research.html>[ accessed 8TH March 2014] NHS Institute of Innovation Improvement,2013. Policies[online] Available at: http://www.institute.nhs.uk/images/Patient_Experience/Final%20Policy%20Report%20pdf%20doc%20january%202012.pdf>[ accessed 8TH March 2014] Wikipedia, 2014. Repeated Measures Design [online] Available at: http://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Repeated_measures_design>[ accessed 8TH March 2014] Psycometrics, 2014. Repeated Measures Design [online] Available at: http://www.psychmet.com/id16.html>[ accessed 8TH March 2014] 1 Angel LesterResearch Methods Statistics

Free Essay on Plant Imagery in Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter :: Scarlet Letter essays

The Scarlet Letter:   Plant Imagery    Throughout the novel, Hawthorne uses plant imagery to symbolize both the negative and positive character traits and to set the mood of the novel. The Scarlet Letter, by Nathaniel Hawthorne takes place during the age of Puritanism in Boston where a young and attractive Puritan woman, Hester, commits adultery with the Reverend Mr. Dimmesdale. Chillingworth, Hester’s husband, who had been captured by Indians, comes to town, but only Hester knows his true identity. Chillingworth vows to figure out who Hester’s lover is and he succeeds. Ultimately, this novel contains deception and guilt which is in the form of plant imagery. Hawthorne uses many different negative variations of plant imagery to illustrate his ideas. First of all, living plant life, portraying the torturing of Dimmesdale by Chillingworth, remains evident throughout the novel. For example, when Chillingworth went to the forest to gather herbs he â€Å"dug up roots and plucked off twigs from the forest trees† (111) which symbolizes how Chillingworth was â€Å"plucking† the life out of Dimmesdale limb by limb. Also, Hawthorne describes grass as pure and without weeds to kill the grass; however, â€Å"when poor Mr. Dimmesdale was thinking of his grave, he questioned with himself whether the grass would ever grow on it, because an accursed thing must there be buried† (131). In addition, weeds symbolize secrecy and the impurity of society. During Chillingworth and Dimmesdale’s covert discussion about â€Å"the powers of nature call[ing] so earnestly for the confession of sin,[and discussing] that these black weeds have sprung up out of a buried heart, to make manifest an unspoken crime† (120) illustrates the idea of weeds filling the heart with sin and guilt. Moreover, â€Å"the black flower of civilized society† (45-46) refers to the Puritans’ harsh attitude towards sinners as they view Hester’s punishment. Most importantly, the imagery used with leaves allows for different interpretations. â€Å"Thou shalt forgive me! cried Hester, flinging herself on the fallen leaves beside him [Dimmesdale]† (178) illustrates that Hester begs nature’s forgiveness for her sin by falling on the leaves. Similarly, Hester â€Å"threw it [the scarlet letter] to a distance among the withered leaves,† (185) for that instant, her guilty conscience was dying along with the withering leaves. Although Hawthorne uses a great deal of negative plant imagery, the positive plant imagery balances the two. Initially, moss symbolizes the hardships that Hester and Dimmesdale have endured.